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1 be
be [bi:]être ⇒ 1 (a)-(c), 1 (f), 1 (h), 1 (i), 1 (m), 1 (o), 1 (p), 2 aller ⇒ 1 (d) avoir ⇒ 1 (e) mesurer ⇒ 1 (g) coûter ⇒ 1 (j) il y a ⇒ 1 (k) voici, voilà ⇒ 1 (l) faire ⇒ 1 (n), 1 (q) aller, venir ⇒ 1 (o) Dans les question tags ⇒ 2 (j)(pres 1st sing am [əm, stressed æm], pres 2nd sing are [ə, stressed ɑ:(r)], pres 3rd sing is [ɪz], pres plare [ə, stressed ɑ:(r)], pt 1st sing was [wəz, stressed wɒz], pt 2nd sing were [wə, stressed wɜ:(r)], pt 3rd sing was [wəz, stressed wɒz], pt pl were [wə, stressed wɜ:(r)], pp been [bi:n], cont being ['bi:ɪŋ])ⓘ GRAM À l'oral et dans un style familier à l'écrit, le verbe be peut être contracté: I am devient I'm, he/she/it is deviennent he's/she's/it's et you/we/they are deviennent you're/we're/they're. Les formes négatives is not/are not/was not et were not se contractent respectivement en isn't/aren't/wasn't et weren't.(a) (exist, live) être, exister;∎ I think, therefore I am je pense, donc je suis;∎ to be or not to be être ou ne pas être;∎ God is Dieu existe;∎ the greatest scientist that ever was le plus grand savant qui ait jamais existé ou de tous les temps;∎ there are no such things as ghosts les fantômes n'existent pas;∎ she's a genius if ever there was one c'est ou voilà un génie si jamais il en fut;∎ as happy as can be heureux comme un roi;∎ that may be, but… cela se peut, mais…, peut-être, mais…(b) (used to identify, describe) être;∎ she is my sister c'est ma sœur;∎ I'm Elaine je suis ou je m'appelle Elaine;∎ she's a doctor/engineer elle est médecin/ingénieur;∎ the glasses were crystal les verres étaient en cristal;∎ he is American il est américain, c'est un Américain;∎ be careful! soyez prudent!;∎ to be frank… pour être franc…, franchement…;∎ being the boy's mother, I have a right to know étant la mère de l'enfant, j'ai le droit de savoir;∎ the situation being what or as it is… la situation étant ce qu'elle est…;∎ the problem is knowing or is to know when to stop le problème, c'est de savoir quand s'arrêter;∎ the rule is: when in doubt, don't do it la règle c'est: dans le doute abstiens-toi;∎ seeing is believing voir, c'est croire;∎ just be yourself soyez vous-même, soyez naturel;∎ you be Batman and I'll be Robin (children playing) on dirait que tu es Batman et moi je suis Robin∎ he was angry/tired il était fâché/fatigué;∎ I am hungry/thirsty/afraid j'ai faim/soif/peur;∎ my feet/hands are frozen j'ai les pieds gelés/mains gelées(d) (indicating health) aller, se porter;∎ how are you? comment allez-vous?, comment ça va?;∎ I am fine ça va;∎ he is not well il est malade, il ne va pas bien(e) (indicating age) avoir;∎ how old are you? quel âge avez-vous?;∎ I'm twelve (years old) j'ai douze ans;∎ it's different when you're fifty ce n'est pas pareil quand on a cinquante ans;∎ you'll see when you're fifty tu verras quand tu auras cinquante ans(f) (indicating location) être;∎ the cake was on the table le gâteau était sur la table;∎ the hotel is next to the river l'hôtel se trouve ou est près de la rivière;∎ be there at nine o'clock soyez-y à neuf heures;∎ the table is one metre long la table fait un mètre de long;∎ how tall is he? combien mesure-t-il?;∎ he is two metres tall il mesure ou fait deux mètres;∎ the school is two kilometres from here l'école est à deux kilomètres d'ici(h) (indicating time, date) être;∎ it's five o'clock il est cinq heures;∎ yesterday was Monday hier on était ou c'était lundi;∎ today is Tuesday nous sommes ou c'est mardi aujourd'hui;∎ what date is it today? le combien sommes-nous aujourd'hui?;∎ it's the 16th of December nous sommes ou c'est le 16 décembre(i) (happen, occur) être, avoir lieu;∎ the concert is on Saturday night le concert est ou a lieu samedi soir;∎ when is your birthday? quand est ou c'est quand ton anniversaire?;∎ the spring holidays are in March this year les vacances de printemps tombent en mars cette année;∎ how is it that you arrived so quickly? comment se fait-il que vous soyez arrivé si vite?(j) (indicating cost) coûter;∎ how much is this table? combien coûte ou vaut cette table?;∎ it is expensive ça coûte ou c'est cher;∎ the phone bill is £75 la facture de téléphone est de 75 livres(k) (with "there")∎ there is, there are il y a, literary il est;∎ there is or has been no snow il n'y a pas de neige;∎ there are six of them ils sont ou il y en a six;∎ what is there to do? qu'est-ce qu'il y a à faire?;∎ there will be swimming on nagera;∎ there is nothing funny about it il n'y a rien d'amusant là-dedans, ce n'est pas drôle;∎ there's no telling what she'll do il est impossible de prévoir ce qu'elle va faire∎ this is my friend John voici mon ami John;∎ here are the reports you wanted voici les rapports que vous vouliez;∎ there is our car voilà notre voiture;∎ there are the others voilà les autres;∎ here I am me voici;∎ now there's an idea! voilà une bonne idée!∎ who is it? - it's us! qui est-ce? - c'est nous!;∎ it was your mother who decided c'est ta mère qui a décidé;∎ formal it is I who am to blame c'est moi le responsable(n) (indicating weather) faire;∎ it is cold/hot/grey il fait froid/chaud/gris;∎ it is windy il y a du vent∎ she's been to visit her mother elle a été ou est allée rendre visite à sa mère;∎ I have never been to China je ne suis jamais allé ou je n'ai jamais été en Chine;∎ have you been home since Christmas? est-ce que tu es rentré (chez toi) depuis Noël?;∎ has the plumber been? le plombier est-il (déjà) passé?;∎ wait for us, we'll be there in ten minutes attends-nous, nous serons là dans dix minutes;∎ there's no need to rush, we'll be there in ten minutes inutile de se presser, nous y serons dans dix minutes;∎ he was into/out of the house in a flash il est entré dans/sorti de la maison en coup de vent;∎ I know, I've been there je sais, j'y suis allé; figurative je sais, j'ai connu ça;∎ she is from Egypt elle vient d'Égypte;∎ your brother has been and gone votre frère est venu et reparti;∎ someone had been there in her absence quelqu'un est venu pendant son absence;∎ British familiar now you've been (and gone) and done it! (caused trouble, broken something) et voilà, c'est réussi!(p) (indicating hypothesis, supposition)∎ if I were you si j'étais vous ou à votre place;∎ if we were younger si nous étions plus jeunes;∎ formal were it not for my sister sans ma sœur;∎ formal were it not for their contribution, the school would close sans leur assistance, l'école serait obligée de fermer(q) (in calculations) faire;∎ 1 and 1 are 2 1 et 1 font 2;∎ what is 5 less 3? combien fait 5 moins 3?∎ he is having breakfast il prend ou il est en train de prendre son petit déjeuner;∎ they are always giggling ils sont toujours en train de glousser;∎ where are you going? où allez-vous?;∎ a problem which is getting worse and worse un problème qui s'aggrave;∎ I have just been thinking about you je pensais justement à toi;∎ we've been waiting hours for you ça fait des heures que nous t'attendons;∎ when will she be leaving? quand est-ce qu'elle part ou va-t-elle partir?;∎ what are you going to do about it? qu'est-ce que vous allez ou comptez faire?;∎ why aren't you working? - but I AM working! pourquoi ne travaillez-vous pas? - mais je travaille!∎ she is known as a good negotiator elle est connue pour ses talents de négociatrice;∎ the car was found la voiture a été retrouvée;∎ plans are being made on fait des projets;∎ what is left to do? qu'est-ce qui reste à faire?;∎ smoking is not permitted il est interdit ou défendu de fumer;∎ socks are sold by the pair les chaussettes se vendent par deux;∎ it is said/thought/assumed that... on dit/pense/suppose que...;∎ to be continued (TV programme, serialized story) à suivre;∎ not to be confused with à ne pas confondre avec(c) (with infinitive → indicating future event)∎ the next meeting is to take place on Wednesday la prochaine réunion aura lieu mercredi;∎ he's to be the new headmaster c'est lui qui sera le nouveau directeur;∎ she was to become a famous pianist elle allait devenir une pianiste renommée;∎ we were never to see him again nous ne devions jamais le revoir(d) (with infinitive → indicating expected event)∎ they were to have been married in June ils devaient se marier en juin(e) (with infinitive → indicating obligation)∎ I'm to be home by ten o'clock il faut que je rentre avant dix heures;∎ you are not to speak to strangers il ne faut pas parler aux inconnus(f) (with infinitive → expressing opinion)∎ you are to be congratulated on doit vous féliciter;∎ they are to be pitied ils sont à plaindre(g) (with infinitive → requesting information)∎ are we then to assume that taxes will decrease? faut-il ou doit-on en conclure que les impôts vont diminuer?;∎ what am I to say to them? qu'est-ce que je vais leur dire?(h) (with passive infinitive → indicating possibility)∎ bargains are to be found even in the West End on peut faire de bonnes affaires même dans le West End;∎ she was not to be dissuaded rien ne devait ou il fut impossible de lui faire changer d'avis∎ if he were or were he to die s'il venait à mourir, à supposer qu'il meure∎ he's always causing trouble, isn't he? - yes, he is il est toujours en train de créer des problèmes, n'est-ce pas? - oui, toujours;∎ you're back, are you? vous êtes revenu alors?;∎ you're not leaving already, are you? vous ne partez pas déjà, j'espère?∎ is she satisfied? - she is est-elle satisfaite? - oui(, elle l'est);∎ you're angry - no I'm not - oh yes you are! tu es fâché - non - mais si!;∎ it's a touching scene - not for me, it isn't c'est une scène émouvante - je ne trouve pas ou pas pour moi;∎ I was pleased to see him but the children weren't (moi,) j'étais content de le voir mais pas les enfants∎ we're finished nous avons terminé;∎ Religion Christ is risen (le) Christ est ressucité;∎ when I looked again, they were gone quand j'ai regardé de nouveau, ils étaient partis∎ the husband-to-be le futur mari;∎ the father-to-be le futur pèrequoi qu'il en soit -
2 congratulate
transitive verbgratulieren (+ Dat.)congratulate somebody/oneself [up]on something — jemandem/sich zu etwas gratulieren
* * *[kən'ɡrætjuleit]((often with on) to express pleasure and joy to (a person) at a happy event, a success etc: She congratulated him on passing his driving test.) gratulieren- academic.ru/15285/congratulatory">congratulatory- congratulation* * *con·gratu·late[kənˈgrætʃʊleɪt, AM -ˈgrætʃə-]vt▪ to \congratulate sb [on sth] (wish well) jdm [zu etw dat] gratulieren; (praise, applaud) jdm [zu etw dat] gratulieren, jdn [zu etw dat] beglückwünschen; (be proud)I \congratulate myself for giving up smoking ich bin stolz darauf, das Rauchen aufgegeben zu haben* * *[kən'grtjʊleɪt]vtgratulieren (+dat) (also on birthday, engagement etc), beglückwünschen (on zu)you are to be congratulated on not having given up — man kann Ihnen nur gratulieren, dass Sie nicht nachgegeben haben
* * *on zu):congratulate o.s. on sth sich zu etwas gratulieren* * *transitive verbgratulieren (+ Dat.)congratulate somebody/oneself [up]on something — jemandem/sich zu etwas gratulieren
* * *v.beglückwünschen v.gratulieren v. -
3 were
[weë:] pt e be● were [weë:] ishim, ishit, ishinbe [bi:, bi] v. ( was, were; been) 1. jam, ekzistoj, gjendem; the days of the cowboys are no more Koha e kaubojve nuk ekziston më, ka marrë fund. 2. ndodh, ngjan, zhvillohet; the competition was last month gara u zhvillua muajin e kaluar. 3. vazhdoj të rri, qëndroj; he will be here all year ai do të qëndrojë gjithë vitin. 4. (cilësi, gjendje) jam; I am sad jam i trishtuar; he is wrong ai e ka gabim. 5. (si folje ndihmëse) a) po, jam duke; she was asking ajo po pyeste; she was asked atë e pyetën, ajo u pyet. 6. (për të shprehurtë ardhmen) do të; he is to arrive here tomorrow ai pritet të/ do të vijë nesër; for two dollars the book is yours për dy dollarë libri (dotë) bëhet yti. 7. shkoj; have you ever been to Paris? ke shkuar/qenë ndonjëherë në Paris? 8. there is, there are ka, është, janë; there is a God ka/është një Zot. 9. (me paskajore) a) duhet, jam për të; you are to be congratulated ti je për të/duhesh përgëzuar; I am to inform you duhet t'ju njoftoj; b) (qëllim) they are to be married next year ata e kanë lënë për t'u martuar vitin tjetër; c) (mundësi) the car was not to be found makina s'qe e mundur të gjendej; d) (supozim) were I to tell you sikur të të thoja; if it were to rain sikur të binte shi; e) duhet; everybody was to pay his own expenses secili duhej të paguante shpenzimet e veta; he was never to see his wife again ai nuk do ta shihte më të shoqen; at what time am I to be there? në ç'orë duhet të jem atje? f) (qëllim) ka për qëllim; the telegram was to say that he had been delayed telegrami kishte për qëllim të shpjegonte se ai qe vonuar. 10. to-be i ardhshëm; the bride to-be nusja e ardhshme; a would-be poet i vetëquajturi poet; for the time being hë për hë, njëherë për njëherë.● as it were thua se; si të thuash; be able mundem, jam në gjendje; be about to përgatitem (jam gati) të; be afraid druaj se; be back kthehem; be going to dotë; be off shkoj, nisem per; be sorry më vjen keq; më fal; be sure jam i sigurt; so be it ashtu qoftë! what's up? ç'kemi? si është puna? ç'ka ngjarë?* * *ishin -
4 be
'bi: ɡi:( abbreviation) (Bachelor of Engineering; first degree in Engineering.) licenciatura en Ingenieríabe vb1. serwhat time is it? It's 3 o'clock ¿qué hora es? Son las treswho is it? It's me ¿quién es? Soy yo2. estarhow are you? I'm fine ¿cómo estás? estoy bienwhere is Pauline? ¿dónde está Pauline?how far is it? ¿a qué distancia está?what day is it today? ¿qué día es hoy? / ¿a qué día estamos?3. tenerhow old are you? I'm 16 ¿cuántos años tienes? tengo 16 años4. costar / valer / serhow much is it? ¿cuánto cuesta? / ¿cuánto vale? / ¿cuánto es?the tickets are £15 each las entradas valen 15 libras cada una5. hacer6. haberhow many children are there? ¿cuántos niños hay?Se usa también para construir el tiempo verbal llamado present continuous que indica una acción que está pasando en estos momentoswhat are you doing? ¿qué estás haciendo? / ¿qué haces?look, it's snowing mira, está nevando
be sustantivo femenino: name of the letter b, often called be largaor grande to distinguish it from v 'be' also found in these entries: Spanish: A - abasto - abate - abismo - abotargarse - abreviar - abrirse - absoluta - absoluto - abultar - abundar - aburrir - aburrirse - acabose - acariciar - acaso - acertar - achantarse - acometer - acostada - acostado - acostumbrar - acostumbrada - acostumbrado - acreditar - activa - activo - adelantar - adelantarse - adentro - adivinarse - admirarse - adolecer - aferrarse - afianzarse - aficionada - aficionado - afligirse - agonizar - agotarse - agradecer - agua - ahogarse - ahora - aire - ajo - ala - alarmarse - alcanzar - alegrarse English: aback - abate - about - absent - accordance - account for - accountable - accustom - acquaint - action - addicted - address - adequate - adjust - admit - affiliated - afford - afraid - agenda - agree - agreement - ahead - air - airsick - alert - alive - alone - along - aloof - alphabetically - always - am - ambition - amenable - amusing - anathema - annoyance - anomaly - anxious - apologetic - appal - appall - are - arm - around - arrears - as - ashamed - aspire - assertbetr[biː]intransitive verb (pres 1ª pers am, 2ª pers sing y todas del pl are, 3ª pers sing is; pt 1ª y 3ª pers sing was, 2ª pers sing y todas del pl; pp been)2 (essential quality) ser3 (nationality) ser4 (occupation) ser5 (origin) ser6 (ownership) ser7 (authorship) ser8 (composition) ser9 (use) ser10 (location) estar11 (temporary state) estar■ how are you? ¿cómo estás?12 (age) tener13 (price) costar, valer■ a single ticket is £9.50 un billete de ida cuesta £9.5014 tener■ he's hot/cold tiene calor/frío■ we're hungry/thirsty tenemos hambre/sed1 (passive) ser■ she was arrested at the border fue detenida en la frontera, la detuvieron en la frontera■ he's hated by everybody es odiado por todos, todos lo odian■ he was discharged fue dado de alta, lo dieron de alta■ the house has been sold la casa ha sido vendida, la casa se ha vendido, han vendido la casa■ thirty children were injured treinta niños fueron heridos, treinta niños resultaron heridos■ the two areas of the town are divided by a wall las dos zonas de la ciudad están divididas por un muro1 (obligation) deber, tener que1 (future)phrase there is / there are1 hay■ is there much traffic ¿hay mucho tráfico?1 había■ were there many people? ¿había mucha gente?1 habrá1 habría■ if Mike came, there would be ten of us si viniera Mike, seríamos diez\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLto be about to «+ inf» estar para + inf, estar a punto de + infto be or not to be ser o no serbe ['bi:] v, was ['wəz, 'wɑz] ; were ['wər] ; been ['bɪn] ; being ; am ['æm] ; is ['ɪz] ; are ['ɑr] viJosé is a doctor: José es doctorI'm Ana's sister: soy la hermana de Anathe tree is tall: el árbol es altoyou're silly!: ¡eres tonto!she's from Managua: es de Managuait's mine: es míomy mother is at home: mi madre está en casathe cups are on the table: las tazas están en la mesato be or not to be: ser, o no serI think, therefore I am: pienso, luego existohow are you?: ¿cómo estás?I'm cold: tengo fríoshe's 10 years old: tiene 10 añosthey're both sick: están enfermos los dosbe v impersit's eight o'clock: son las ochoit's Friday: hoy es viernesit's sunny: hace solit's very dark outside: está bien oscuro afuerabe v auxwhat are you doing? -I'm working: ¿qué haces? -estoy trabajandoit was finished yesterday: fue acabado ayer, se acabó ayerit was cooked in the oven: se cocinó en el hornocan she be trusted?: ¿se puede confiar en ella?you are to stay here: debes quedarte aquíhe was to come yesterday: se esperaba que viniese ayerbev.(§ p.,p.p.: was, were, been) = estar v.(§pres: estoy, estás...) pret: estuv-•)• ser v.(§pres: soy, eres, es, somos, sois, son) subj: se-imp: er-fu-•)biːˌ weak form bi
1.
2)a) (followed by an adjective)she's French/intelligent — es francesa/inteligente
he's worried/furious — está preocupado/furioso
he's blind — es or (Esp tb) está ciego
have you never had gazpacho? it's delicious! — ¿nunca has comido gazpacho? es delicioso!
the gazpacho is delicious, did you make it yourself? — el gazpacho está delicioso ¿lo hiciste tú?
she was very rude to me — estuvo or fue muy grosera conmigo
Tony is married/divorced/single — Tony está or (esp AmL) es casado/divorciado/soltero
to be married to somebody — estar* casado con alguien
3)a) (followed by a noun) ser*who was Prime Minister at the time? — ¿quién era Primer Ministro en ese momento?
it's me/Daniel — soy yo/es Daniel
if I were you, I'd stay — yo que tú or yo en tu lugar me quedaría
b) ( play the role of) hacer* de4)how are you? — ¿cómo estás?
I'm much better — estoy or me encuentro mucho mejor
she's pregnant/tired — está embarazada/cansada
I'm cold/hot/hungry/thirsty/sleepy — tengo frío/calor/hambre/sed/sueño
b) ( talking about age) tener*how old are you? — ¿cuántos años tienes?
he's a lot older/younger — es mucho mayor/menor
c) (giving cost, measurement, weight)how much is that? - that'll be $15, please — ¿cuánto es? - (son) 15 dólares, por favor
they are $15 each — cuestan or valen 15 dólares cada una
how tall/heavy is he? — ¿cuánto mide/pesa?
5)a) (exist, live)I think, therefore I am — pienso, luego existo
to let something/somebody be — dejar tranquilo or en paz algo/a alguien
b) ( in expressions of time)don't be too long — no tardes mucho, no (te) demores mucho (esp AmL)
I'm drying my hair, I won't be long — me estoy secando el pelo, enseguida estoy
how long will dinner be? — ¿cuánto falta para la cena?
c) ( take place) ser*6) (be situated, present) estar*where is the library? — ¿dónde está or queda la biblioteca?
where are you? — ¿dónde estás?
what's in that box? — ¿qué hay en esa caja?
who's in the movie? — ¿quién actúa or trabaja en la película?
how long are you in Chicago (for)? — (colloq) ¿cuánto (tiempo) te vas a quedar en Chicago ?
7) (only in perfect tenses) ( visit) estar*have you been to the exhibition yet? — ¿ya has estado en or has ido a la exposición?
2.
v impers1)a) (talking about physical conditions, circumstances)it's sunny/cold/hot — hace sol/frío/calor
it's so noisy/quiet in here! — qué ruido/silencio hay aquí!
I have enough problems as it is, without you... — yo ya tengo suficientes problemas sin que tú encima...
b) ( in expressions of time) ser*hi, Joe, it's been a long time — qué tal, Joe, tanto tiempo (sin verte)
c) ( talking about distance) estar*it's 500 miles from here to Detroit — Detroit queda or está a 500 millas de aquí
2)a) (introducing person, object) ser*it was me who told them — fui yo quien se lo dije or dijo, fui yo el que se lo dije or dijo
b) (in conditional use) ser*if it hadn't been o had it not been for Juan, we would have been killed — si no hubiera sido por Juan or de no ser por Juan, nos habríamos matado
3.
v aux1) to be -inga) ( used to describe action in progress) estar* + gerwhat was I saying? — ¿qué estaba diciendo?
she was leaving when... — se iba cuando...
how long have you been waiting? — ¿cuánto (tiempo) hace que esperas?, ¿cuánto (tiempo) llevas esperando?
b) ( with future reference)he is o will be arriving tomorrow — llega mañana
when are you seeing her? — ¿cuándo la vas a ver or la verás?
2) (in the passive voice) ser* [The passive voice, however, is less common in Spanish than it is in English]it was built in 1903 — fue construido en 1903, se construyó en 1903, lo construyeron en 1903
she was told that... — le dijeron or se le dijo que...
it is known that... — se sabe que...
3) to be to + infa) ( with future reference)if a solution is to be found... — si se quiere encontrar or si se ha de encontrar una solución...
b) ( expressing possibility)what are we to do? — ¿qué podemos hacer?
c) ( expressing obligation) deber* + inf, tener* que + inf, haber* de + inftell her she's to stay here — dile que debe quedarse or tiene que quedarse aquí, dile que se quede aquí
am I to understand that... ? — ¿debo entender que... ?
4) ( in hypotheses)what would happen if she were o was to die? — ¿qué pasaría si ella muriera?
5)she's right, isn't she? — tiene razón, ¿no? or ¿verdad? or ¿no es cierto?
so that's what you think, is it? — de manera que eso es lo que piensas
are you disappointed? - yes, I am/no, I'm not — ¿estás desilusionado? - sí (, lo estoy)/no (, no lo estoy)
she was told the news, and so was he/but I wasn't — a ella le dieron la noticia, y también a él/pero a mí no
[biː] (present am, is or are pt was or were pp been)I'm surprised, are/aren't you? — estoy sorprendido, ¿y tú?/¿tú no?
1. INTRANSITIVE VERB1) (linking nouns, noun phrases, pronouns) serit's me! — ¡soy yo!
who wants to be Hamlet? — ¿quién quiere hacer de or ser Hamlet?
if I were you... — yo en tu lugar..., yo que tú... *
2) (possession) serUse [estar] with past participles used as adjectives describing the results of an action or process:it's round/enormous — es redondo/enorme
4) (changeable or temporary state) estarshe's bored/ill — está aburrida/enferma
how are you? — ¿cómo estás?, ¿qué tal estás?
how are you now? — ¿qué tal te encuentras ahora?
In certain expressions where English uses [be] + adjective to describe feelings ([be cold]/[hot]/[hungry]/[thirsty]), Spanish uses [tener] with a noun:I'm very well, thanks — estoy muy bien, gracias
I'm cold/hot — tengo frío/calor
I'm hungry/thirsty — tengo hambre/sed
afraid, sleepy, rightbe good! — ¡pórtate bien!
5) (age)"how old is she?" - "she's nine" — -¿cuántos años tiene? -tiene nueve años
6) (=take place) ser7) (=be situated) estarit's on the table — está sobre or en la mesa
where is the Town Hall? — ¿dónde está or queda el ayuntamiento?
it's 5 km to the village — el pueblo está or queda a 5 kilómetros
we've been here for ages — hace mucho tiempo que estamos aquí, llevamos aquí mucho tiempo, estamos aquí desde hace mucho tiempo
•
here you are(, take it) — aquí tienes(, tómalo)•
there's the church — ahí está la iglesiaa) (referring to weather) hacerit's hot/cold — hace calor/frío
b) (referring to time, date etc) serwake up, it's morning — despierta, es de día
what's the date (today)? — ¿qué fecha es hoy?
But note the following alternatives with [estar]:it's 3 May or the 3rd of May — es 3 de mayo
it's 3 May or the 3rd of May — estamos a 3 de mayo
c) (asking and giving opinion) seris it certain that...? — ¿es verdad or cierto que...?
is it fair that she should be punished while...? — ¿es justo que se la castigue mientras que...?
it is possible that he'll come — es posible que venga, puede (ser) que venga
it is unbelievable that... — es increíble que...
it's not clear whether... — no está claro si...
d) (emphatic) serwhy is it that she's so successful? — ¿cómo es que tiene tanto éxito?, ¿por qué tiene tanto éxito?
it was then that... — fue entonces cuando...
9) (=exist) haberthere is/are — hay
what is (there) in that room? — ¿qué hay en esa habitación?
is there anyone at home? — ¿hay alguien en casa?
there being no alternative solution... — al no haber or no habiendo otra solución...
let there be light! — ¡hágase la luz!
See:THERE IS, THERE ARE in there10) (=cost)how much was it? — ¿cuánto costó?
the book is £20 — el libro vale or cuesta 20 libras
how much is it? — ¿cuánto es?; (when paying) ¿qué le debo? frm
11) (=visit)has the postman been? — ¿ha venido el cartero?
have you ever been to Glasgow? — ¿has estado en Glasgow alguna vez?
12) (in noun compounds) futuro•
my wife to be — mi futura esposa•
been and * —you've been and done it now! — ¡buena la has hecho! *
that dog of yours has been and dug up my flowers! — ¡tu perro ha ido y me ha destrozado las flores!
•
you're busy enough as it is — estás bastante ocupado ya con lo que tienes, ya tienes suficiente trabajo•
if it hadn't been for..., if it hadn't been for you or frm had it not been for you, we would have lost — si no hubiera sido por ti or de no haber sido por ti, habríamos perdido•
let me be! — ¡déjame en paz!•
if that's what you want to do, then so be it — si eso es lo que quieres hacer, adelante•
what is it to you? * — ¿a ti qué te importa?2. AUXILIARY VERB1) (forming passive) serThe passive is not used as often in Spanish as in English, active and reflexive constructions often being preferred:it is said that... — dicen que..., se dice que...
she was killed in a car crash — murió en un accidente de coche, resultó muerta en un accidente de coche frm
what's to be done? — ¿qué hay que hacer?
•
it's a film not to be missed — es una película que no hay que perderse•
we searched everywhere for him, but he was nowhere to be seen — lo buscamos por todas partes pero no lo encontramos en ningún sitio2) (forming continuous) estarUse the present simple to talk about planned future events and the construction to talk about intention:what are you doing? — ¿qué estás haciendo?, ¿qué haces?
"it's a pity you aren't coming with us" - "but I am coming!" — -¡qué pena que no vengas con nosotros! -¡sí que voy!
will you be seeing her tomorrow? — ¿la verás or la vas a ver mañana?
will you be needing more? — ¿vas a necesitar más?
The imperfect tense can be used for continuous action in the past: for, sinceI'll be seeing you — hasta luego, nos vemos (esp LAm)
a)"he's going to complain about you" - "oh, is he?" — -va a quejarse de ti -¿ah, sí?
"I'm worried" - "so am I" — -estoy preocupado -yo también
"I'm not ready" - "neither am I" — -no estoy listo -yo tampoco
"you're tired" - "no, I'm not" — -estás cansado -no, ¡qué va!
"you're not eating enough" - "yes I am" — -no comes lo suficiente -que sí
"they're getting married" - "oh, are they?" — (showing surprise) -se casan -¿ah, sí? or -¡no me digas!
"he isn't very happy" - "oh, isn't he?" — -no está muy contento -¿ah, no?
"he's always late, isn't he?" - "yes, he is" — -siempre llega tarde, ¿verdad? -(pues) sí
"is it what you expected?" - "no, it isn't" — -¿es esto lo que esperabas? -(pues) no
"she's pretty" - "no, she isn't" — -es guapa -¡qué va!
he's handsome, isn't he? — es guapo, ¿verdad?, es guapo, ¿no?, es guapo, ¿no es cierto?
it was fun, wasn't it? — fue divertido, ¿verdad?, fue divertido, ¿no?
she wasn't happy, was she? — no era feliz, ¿verdad?
so he's back again, is he? — así que ha vuelto, ¿eh?
you're not ill, are you? — ¿no estarás enfermo?
3. MODAL VERB(with infinitive construction)1) (=must, have to)he's not to open it — no debe abrirlo, que no lo abra
I am to do it — he de hacerlo yo, soy yo el que debe hacerlo
I wasn't to tell you his name — no podía or debía decirte su nombre
2) (=should) deberam I to understand that...? — ¿debo entender que...?
she wrote "My Life", not to be confused with Bernstein's book of the same name — escribió "Mi Vida", que no debe confundirse con la obra de Bernstein que lleva el mismo título
he was to have come yesterday — tenía que or debía haber venido ayer
3) (=will)4) (=can)if it was or were to snow... — si nevase or nevara...
BEif I were to leave the job, would you replace me? — si yo dejara el puesto, ¿me sustituirías?
"Ser" or "estar"?
You can use "ser": ► when defining or identifying by linking two nouns or noun phrases:
Paris is the capital of France París es la capital de Francia
He was the most hated man in the village Era el hombre más odiado del pueblo ► to describe essential or inherent characteristics (e.g. colour, material, nationality, race, shape, size {etc}):
His mother is German Su madre es alemana
She was blonde Era rubia ► with most impersonal expressions not involving past participles:
It is important to be on time Es importante llegar a tiempo
Está claro que is an exception:
It is obvious you don't understand Está claro que no lo entiendes ► when telling the time or talking about time or age:
It is ten o'clock Son las diez
It's very late. Let's go home Es muy tarde. Vamos a casa
He lived in the country when he was young Vivió en el campo cuando era joven ► to indicate possession or duty:
It's mine Es mío
This is your responsibility Este asunto es responsabilidad tuya ► with events in the sense of "take place":
The 1992 Olympic Games were in Barcelona Los Juegos Olímpicos de 1992 fueron en Barcelona
"Where is the exam?" - "It's in Room 1" "¿Dónde es el examen?" - "Es en el Aula Número 1" NOTE: Compare this usage with that of estar (see below) to talk about location of places, objects and people.
You can use "estar": ► to talk about location of places, objects and people:
"Where is Zaragoza?" - "It's in Spain" "¿Dónde está Zaragoza?" - "Está en España"
Your glasses are on the bedside table Tus gafas están en la mesilla de noche NOTE: But use ser with events in the sense of "take place" (see above)}. ► to talk about changeable state, condition or mood:
The teacher is ill La profesora está enferma
The coffee's cold El café está frío
How happy I am! ¡Qué contento estoy! NOTE: Feliz, however, which is seen as more permanent than contento, is used mainly with ser. ► to form progressive tenses:
We're having lunch. Is it ok if I call you later? Estamos comiendo. Te llamaré luego, ¿vale?
Both "ser" and "estar" can be used with past participles ► Use ser in {passive} constructions:
This play was written by Lorca Esta obra fue escrita por Lorca
He was shot dead (by a terrorist group) Fue asesinado a tiros (por un grupo terrorista) NOTE: The passive is not used as often in Spanish as it is in English. ► Use estar with past participles to describe the {results} of a previous action or event:
We threw them away because they were broken Los tiramos a la basura porque estaban rotos
He's dead Está muerto ► Compare the use of ser + ((past participle)) which describes {action} and estar + ((past participle)) which describes {result} in the following:
The window was broken by the firemen La ventana fue rota por los bomberos
The window was broken La ventana estaba rota
It was painted around 1925 Fue pintado hacia 1925
The floor is painted a dark colour El suelo está pintado de color oscuro ► Ser and estar are both used in impersonal expressions with past participles. As above, the use of ser implies {action} while the use of estar implies {result}:
It is understood that the work was never finished Es sabido que el trabajo nunca se llegó a terminar
It is a proven fact that vaccinations save many lives Está demostrado que las vacunas salvan muchas vidas
"Ser" and "estar" with adjectives ► Some adjectives can be used with both ser and estar but the meaning changes completely depending on the verb:
He's clever Es listo
Are you ready? ¿Estás listo?
Chemistry is boring La química es aburrida
I'm bored Estoy aburrido ► Other adjectives can also be used with both verbs but the use of ser describes a {characteristic} while the use of estar implies a {change}:
He's very handsome Es muy guapo
You look great in that dress! Estás muy guapa con ese vestido
He's slim Es delgado
You're (looking) very slim ¡Estás muy delgada! For further uses and examples, see main entry* * *[biːˌ] weak form [bi]
1.
2)a) (followed by an adjective)she's French/intelligent — es francesa/inteligente
he's worried/furious — está preocupado/furioso
he's blind — es or (Esp tb) está ciego
have you never had gazpacho? it's delicious! — ¿nunca has comido gazpacho? es delicioso!
the gazpacho is delicious, did you make it yourself? — el gazpacho está delicioso ¿lo hiciste tú?
she was very rude to me — estuvo or fue muy grosera conmigo
Tony is married/divorced/single — Tony está or (esp AmL) es casado/divorciado/soltero
to be married to somebody — estar* casado con alguien
3)a) (followed by a noun) ser*who was Prime Minister at the time? — ¿quién era Primer Ministro en ese momento?
it's me/Daniel — soy yo/es Daniel
if I were you, I'd stay — yo que tú or yo en tu lugar me quedaría
b) ( play the role of) hacer* de4)how are you? — ¿cómo estás?
I'm much better — estoy or me encuentro mucho mejor
she's pregnant/tired — está embarazada/cansada
I'm cold/hot/hungry/thirsty/sleepy — tengo frío/calor/hambre/sed/sueño
b) ( talking about age) tener*how old are you? — ¿cuántos años tienes?
he's a lot older/younger — es mucho mayor/menor
c) (giving cost, measurement, weight)how much is that? - that'll be $15, please — ¿cuánto es? - (son) 15 dólares, por favor
they are $15 each — cuestan or valen 15 dólares cada una
how tall/heavy is he? — ¿cuánto mide/pesa?
5)a) (exist, live)I think, therefore I am — pienso, luego existo
to let something/somebody be — dejar tranquilo or en paz algo/a alguien
b) ( in expressions of time)don't be too long — no tardes mucho, no (te) demores mucho (esp AmL)
I'm drying my hair, I won't be long — me estoy secando el pelo, enseguida estoy
how long will dinner be? — ¿cuánto falta para la cena?
c) ( take place) ser*6) (be situated, present) estar*where is the library? — ¿dónde está or queda la biblioteca?
where are you? — ¿dónde estás?
what's in that box? — ¿qué hay en esa caja?
who's in the movie? — ¿quién actúa or trabaja en la película?
how long are you in Chicago (for)? — (colloq) ¿cuánto (tiempo) te vas a quedar en Chicago ?
7) (only in perfect tenses) ( visit) estar*have you been to the exhibition yet? — ¿ya has estado en or has ido a la exposición?
2.
v impers1)a) (talking about physical conditions, circumstances)it's sunny/cold/hot — hace sol/frío/calor
it's so noisy/quiet in here! — qué ruido/silencio hay aquí!
I have enough problems as it is, without you... — yo ya tengo suficientes problemas sin que tú encima...
b) ( in expressions of time) ser*hi, Joe, it's been a long time — qué tal, Joe, tanto tiempo (sin verte)
c) ( talking about distance) estar*it's 500 miles from here to Detroit — Detroit queda or está a 500 millas de aquí
2)a) (introducing person, object) ser*it was me who told them — fui yo quien se lo dije or dijo, fui yo el que se lo dije or dijo
b) (in conditional use) ser*if it hadn't been o had it not been for Juan, we would have been killed — si no hubiera sido por Juan or de no ser por Juan, nos habríamos matado
3.
v aux1) to be -inga) ( used to describe action in progress) estar* + gerwhat was I saying? — ¿qué estaba diciendo?
she was leaving when... — se iba cuando...
how long have you been waiting? — ¿cuánto (tiempo) hace que esperas?, ¿cuánto (tiempo) llevas esperando?
b) ( with future reference)he is o will be arriving tomorrow — llega mañana
when are you seeing her? — ¿cuándo la vas a ver or la verás?
2) (in the passive voice) ser* [The passive voice, however, is less common in Spanish than it is in English]it was built in 1903 — fue construido en 1903, se construyó en 1903, lo construyeron en 1903
she was told that... — le dijeron or se le dijo que...
it is known that... — se sabe que...
3) to be to + infa) ( with future reference)if a solution is to be found... — si se quiere encontrar or si se ha de encontrar una solución...
b) ( expressing possibility)what are we to do? — ¿qué podemos hacer?
c) ( expressing obligation) deber* + inf, tener* que + inf, haber* de + inftell her she's to stay here — dile que debe quedarse or tiene que quedarse aquí, dile que se quede aquí
am I to understand that... ? — ¿debo entender que... ?
4) ( in hypotheses)what would happen if she were o was to die? — ¿qué pasaría si ella muriera?
5)she's right, isn't she? — tiene razón, ¿no? or ¿verdad? or ¿no es cierto?
so that's what you think, is it? — de manera que eso es lo que piensas
are you disappointed? - yes, I am/no, I'm not — ¿estás desilusionado? - sí (, lo estoy)/no (, no lo estoy)
she was told the news, and so was he/but I wasn't — a ella le dieron la noticia, y también a él/pero a mí no
I'm surprised, are/aren't you? — estoy sorprendido, ¿y tú?/¿tú no?
-
5 on
on 1. preposition1) (touching, fixed to, covering etc the upper or outer side of: The book was lying on the table; He was standing on the floor; She wore a hat on her head.) på2) (in or into (a vehicle, train etc): We were sitting on the bus; I got on the wrong bus.) (inn) i, på, oppå3) (at or during a certain day, time etc: on Monday; On his arrival, he went straight to bed.) på, ved, per/pr.4) (about: a book on the theatre.) om5) (in the state or process of: He's on holiday.) på6) (supported by: She was standing on one leg.) på7) (receiving, taking: on drugs; on a diet.) på8) (taking part in: He is on the committee; Which detective is working on this case?) på, i9) (towards: They marched on the town.) mot, til10) (near or beside: a shop on the main road.) ved, på11) (by means of: He played a tune on the violin; I spoke to him on the telephone.) på, i12) (being carried by: The thief had the stolen jewels on him.) på, med13) (when (something is, or has been, done): On investigation, there proved to be no need to panic.) ved, etter14) (followed by: disaster on disaster.) etter2. adverb1) ((especially of something being worn) so as to be touching, fixed to, covering etc the upper or outer side of: She put her hat on.) på2) (used to show a continuing state etc, onwards: She kept on asking questions; They moved on.) (holde) på, videre, etter3) (( also adjective) (of electric light, machines etc) working: The television is on; Turn/Switch the light on.) på, i gang4) (( also adjective) (of films etc) able to be seen: There's a good film on at the cinema this week.) som går på teater/kino5) (( also adjective) in or into a vehicle, train etc: The bus stopped and we got on.) på, om bord3. adjective1) (in progress: The game was on.) i gang2) (not cancelled: Is the party on tonight?) på gang; på trappene•- oncoming- ongoing
- onwards
- onward
- be on to someone
- be on to
- on and on
- on time
- on to / ontooverfor--------påIadj. \/ɒn\/bare i uttrykkon side ( fotball e.l.) ikke offside ( i cricket) den del av banen som ligger bak og til venstre for en (høyrehendt) slagmannIIadv. \/ɒn\/1) på, på seg• shall I help you on with your coat?• keep your hat on!• put the kettle on!2) videre• pass it on!• work onjobbe videre \/ fortsette å jobbe3) frem, fremover4) fore5) igjen6) på (påkoblet e.l.), til (på instrumenttavle e.l.)• is the gas on?vannet er avstengt \/ vannet er ikke på7) avbe neither on nor off vite verken ut eller innbe on være i gang, pågå• is lunch still on?spilles, oppføres, gis, gå• what's on tonight?opptre (på scenen)komme med, følge med, være med• are you on?• I'm on!( hverdagslig) være muligdet går bare ikke \/ det er simpelthen ikke mulig• what's he on about?on and off eller off and on av og på, opp og ned, fra og til av og til, nå og da, med avbrudd, med mellomromon and on uten opphold, i ett, i det uendeligeon to (opp) på, over til, ut på, ned påbe on to someone ( hverdagslig) vite hva noen pønsker på, vite hva noen har fore ( hverdagslig) ha en mistanke til noenIIIprep. \/ɒn\/1) ( i fysisk kontakt med eller støttet av) på, opp på, oppe på, i, over2) ( om geografisk posisjon eller plassering) på, ved, i, mot, over• you should have seen the look on his face!4) ( om emne eller grunnlag) på, av, om, i, ifølge, etter, ut fra5) ( om komité eller instans) i• are you on the jury?6) ( om mål og fokusering) mot, til, over, overfor, hos, for• a curse on him!7) ( om reise eller transportmåte) på, tilnår du er i London, bør du handle på Harrod's8) (om dag eller periode, av og til uten oversettelse på norsk) på, om, under, i, etter, ved, dahan døde (om morgenen) 1. mai• come here on the minute!da jeg kom frem til Hull, drog jeg på handletur9) (om noen som holder på med noe, av og til uten oversettelse på norsk) på, da, vedda han åpnet boksen, så han en firfirsle10) ( om penger eller økonomi) på, av, mot• what's the tax on income in Norway?• you will receive the book on payment of £5du vil motta boken mot betaling av 5£11) ( om besittelse) på• have you got your ID card on you?14) ( om radio eller TV) på15) (om alkohol, narkotika eller medisin, av og til uten oversettelse på norsk) på, av16) (om noe som er betalt av noe\/noen, av og til uten oversettelse på norsk) på• this is on me!• have one on me!17) ( om spesiell anledning) med, i anledning (av)18) ( om sammenligning) i forhold til19) ( ved gjentagelse) på, etterbe on fire brenne, stå i brannbe on something holde på med noe( hverdagslig) begynne på noe, bli med på noefall on somebody\/something kaste seg over noen\/noe, falle om noen\/noeon and after fra og medon or before senestsvar senest 1. maispit on one's hand spytte seg i nevene -
6 be *****
[biː] am, is, are pres was, were pt been pp1. vi1) (exist) essere, esistereleave it as it is — lascialo così
the best singer that ever was — il miglior cantante mai esistito
was it? — quanto è costato?, quant'era?me be! — lasciami in pace!so
be it — sia pure, e siahis wife to be — la sua futura moglie
2) (in place) essere, trovarsishe won't be here tomorrow — non ci sarà domani
we've been here for ages — sono secoli che siamo qui
Edinburgh is in Scotland — Edimburgo è or si trova in Scozia
it's on the table — è or sta sul tavolo
3)there were 3 of us — eravamo in 3
there was once a house here — qua una volta c'era una casa
4)(presenting, pointing out)
here is or here are — eccothere is or there are — (over there) ecco
you are (take it) — ecco qua (prendi)5)(come, go: esp in perfect tense)
I've been to China — sono stato in Cinahave you been? — dove sei stato?2. copulative vb1) esserehe's a pianist — è (un) pianista
the book is in French — il libro è in francese
2) (health) stareare you? — come stai (or sta)?3)3. impers vb1)2) (time) essere3)it's 5 km to the village — da qui al paese sono 5 km4) (weather) fare5)it's only me — sono solo io4. aux vb1)(with present participle: forming continuous tenses)
they're coming tomorrow — vengono domaniwhat are you doing? — che fai?, che stai facendo?
he's always grumbling — brontola sempre, non fa che brontolare
2) (with past participle: forming passives) esserewhat's to be done? — che fare?
3)he's back again, is he? — così è tornato, eh?he's handsome, isn't he? — è un bell'uomo, vero?
it was fun, wasn't it? — è stato bello, no?
4)(+ to + infinitive)
he's to be congratulated on his work — dobbiamo fargli i complimenti per il suo lavoroyou're to do as I tell you — devi fare come ti dico
he's not to open it — non deve aprirlo
the car is to be sold — abbiamo (or hanno etc) intenzione di vendere la macchina
am I to understand that...? — devo dedurre che...?
5)(
modal: supposition) if it was or were to snow... — (se) dovesse nevicare...if
I were you... — se fossi in te...•- be on to -
7 take
[teɪk] 1. гл.; прош. вр. took, прич. прош. вр. taken1) брать; хвататьto take smb. by the shoulders — схватить кого-л. за плечи
to take smth. (up) with a pair of tongs — взять что-л. щипцами
I took her hand and kissed her. — Я взял её за руку и поцеловал.
Here, let me take your coat. — Позвольте взять ваше пальто.
He took the book from the table. — Он взял книгу со стола.
2)а) захватывать, овладевать (с применением силы, с помощью какой-л. уловки)I was taken into custody. — Меня взяли под стражу.
Someone took a jewellery store in the town. — Кто-то захватил ювелирный магазин в городе.
б) разг. овладевать женщинойHe wanted to throw her on a bed and take her against her will, violently. — Ему хотелось бросить её на кровать и против её воли, силой овладеть ею.
в) крим. арестовать, "взять"3)а) ловить (диких животных, птиц, рыбу)They are readily taken by nets. — Их легко поймать сетями.
б) хватать (добычу; о животных)Syn:4)а) завоёвывать, очаровывать, покорятьYou took the whole audience. — Вы полностью покорили зрителей.
He was taken with her at their first meeting. — Он увлёкся ею с первой же их встречи.
The play didn't take. — Пьеса не имела успеха.
Syn:б) получать признание, становиться популярнымв) привлекать (взгляд, внимание)My eye was taken by something bright. — Мой взгляд привлекло что-то блестящее.
5) достигать цели, оказывать воздействиеThe vaccine from Europe, - unfortunately none of it took. — Вакцина из Европы - к сожалению она оказалась неэффективной.
Syn:succeed, be effective, take effect6) нанимать, брать (постояльцев, работников, компаньонов); брать (под покровительство, в обучение)None were allowed to let their rooms or take lodgers. — Было запрещено сдавать комнаты или брать постояльцев.
He took pupils to increase his income. — Он брал учеников, чтобы увеличить свой доход.
7)а) брать в собственность; присваиватьб) юр. наследовать, вступать во владениев) получать, наследовать (происхождение, имя, характер, качества)г) снимать (квартиру, дачу)д) регулярно покупать (продукты, товары), выписывать или регулярно покупать ( периодические издания)I take two magazines. — Я выписываю два журнала.
8) потреблять, принимать внутрь; глотать; есть, пить; вдыхатьto take the air — прогуливаться, дышать свежим воздухом
Take this medicine after meals. — Принимай это лекарство после еды.
He usually takes breakfast at about eight o'clock. — Он обычно завтракает где-то в восемь часов.
9)а) принимать (форму, характер, имя и другие атрибуты)The house took its present form. — Дом принял свой нынешний облик.
Syn:б) (принимать символ, знак, указывающий на выполняемую функцию)- take the crown- take the throne
- take the habit
- take the gown
- take the ball
- take an oar10)а) принимать (должность, пост)Captain Mayer was compelled by circumstances to take the responsibility. — Обстоятельства вынудили капитана Майера взять ответственность на себя.
б) давать (клятву, обещание, обет)11) выполнять, осуществлять (функции, долг, службу)the female parts in plays being taken by boys and men — женские роли в пьесах, которые играют мальчики и мужчины
12) занимать (место, позицию)13)а) впитывать, насыщаться ( влагой)б) заразитьсяa man who takes all the epidemics — человек, который подхватывает все заразные болезни
в) легко поддаваться (окраске, обработке)the granite, capable of taking a high polish — гранит, который прекрасно шлифуется
It takes dyes admirably - much better than cotton. — Эта ткань прекрасно окрашивается - гораздо лучше, чем хлопок.
14) понимать, воспринимать, схватывать ( о значении слов)I take your point. — Я понимаю тебя.; Я понимаю, что ты хочешь сказать.
Do you take me? — разг. Вы меня понимаете?
Syn:15) думать, полагать, считать; заключатьYou might take it that this court overruled the objection. — Можно заключить, что суд отклонил возражение.
I take it that we are to go London. — Я так полагаю, что мы должны ехать в Лондон.
You haven't congratulated me. Never mind, we'll take that as done. — Ты не поздравил меня. Ладно, неважно, будем считать, что это сделано.
Syn:16) испытывать, чувствоватьpersons to whom I had taken so much dislike — лица, к которым я испытывал такую неприязнь
Syn:17)а) воспринимать, учитывать, действовать в соответствии с (советом, предупреждением, намёком)He begged others to take warning by his fate. — Он умолял других сделать выводы из его несчастья.
б) ( take as) воспринимать, считатьto take things as they are — принимать вещи такими, какие они есть
Am I to take this excuse as a reason for your behaviour? — Должен ли я считать это извинением вашему поведению?
в) верить, считать правильным, истиннымI think you must take it from me, Mr. Pennington, that we have examined all the possibilities very carefully. (A. Christie) — Полагаю, вы должны поверить мне, мистер Пеннингтон, что мы очень тщательно проанализировали все возможности.
18)а) охватывать, поражать, обрушиватьсяFire took the temple. — Огонь охватил храм.
The kick of a horse took me across the ribs. — Удар лошади пришелся мне в ребра.
The ball took him squarely between the eyes. — Мяч попал ему прямо между глаз.
The ball took me an awful whack on the chest. — Мяч сильно ударил меня в грудь.
Syn:б) быть поражённым, охваченным (болезнью, приступом, чувством)They were taken with a fit of laughing. — У них случился приступ хохота.
He was taken with the idea. — Он увлёкся этой мыслью.
I was not taken with him. — Он мне не понравился.
19)а) получать, извлекать (из какого-л. источника, материального или нематериального); перенимать, усваивать, копировать; брать в качестве примераThe proportions of the three Grecian orders were taken from the human body. — Пропорции тела человека были взяты в качестве основы во всех трёх греческих ордерах.
б) добывать; собирать ( урожай)20)а) приниматься ( о растениях)б) мед. приживаться ( о трансплантатах)Odds that a transplanted cadaveric kidney will "take" are usually no better than 50%. — Шансов, что пересаженная от умершего почка приживётся, обычно не больше 50%.
в) держаться, приставать (о чернилах и т. п.)г) образовываться, создаваться (о льде; особенно на реках, озёрах)Seines were set in the water just before the ice "took" on the lake or river. — Сети ставились в воде непосредственно перед замерзанием озера или реки.
д) тех. твердеть, схватываться ( о цементе)21) раздобывать, выяснять (информацию, факты); проводить (исследования, измерения)Tests are taken to see if the cable has sustained any damage. — Проводятся испытания, чтобы определить, повреждён ли кабель.
The temperature has to be taken every hour. — Температуру приходится проверять каждый час.
The weather was too cloudy to take any observations. — Погода была слишком облачной, чтобы проводить какие бы то ни было наблюдения.
22)а) записывать, протоколироватьHe had no clinical clerks, and his cases were not taken. — У него не было в клинике регистраторов, поэтому на больных не заводились истории болезни.
б) изображать; рисовать; фотографироватьв) разг. выходить на фотографии (хорошо, плохо)He does not take well. — Он плохо выходит на фотографии.
23)а) применять, использовать (средства, методы, возможности)Every possible means is now taken to conceal the truth. — В настоящее время используются все возможные средства, чтобы скрыть правду.
б) использовать (какие-л.) средства передвиженияThey took train to London. — Они сели на поезд, идущий до Лондона.
I took the packet-boat, and came over to England. — Я сел на пакетбот и добрался до Англии.
24)а) получать; выигрыватьSyn:б) подвергаться ( наказанию), переносить25)а) принимать, соглашаться (на что-л.); принимать ( ставку)They will not take such treatment. — Они не потерпят такого обращения.
Syn:б) принимать (самцов; о самках)в) клевать, захватывать (наживку; о рыбах)26) принимать (с каким-л. чувством, настроем)to take it lying down — безропотно сносить что-л.
to take things as one finds them — принимать вещи такими, какие они есть
She takes the rough with the smooth. — Она стойко переносит превратности судьбы.
27) пытаться преодолеть (что-л., мешающее продвижению); преодолевать, брать препятствиеThe horse took the hedge easily. — Лошадь легко взяла препятствие.
He took the corner like a rally driver. — Он завернул за угол, как настоящий гонщик.
28)а) разг. противостоять; нападать; наносить поражение; убитьThe man who tried to take me was Martinez. — Человек, пытавшийся меня убить, был Мартинес.
Syn:б) ( take against) выступать против; испытывать неприязнь, не любитьI've never done anything to offend her, but she just took against me from the start. — Я никогда не делал ничего, что могло бы оскорбить её, но она невзлюбила меня с самого начала.
29) брать, бить (в картах, шахматах и др. играх)A pawn takes the enemy angularly. — Пешка бьёт фигуру противника по диагонали.
The king takes the queen. — Король берёт ферзя.
30)а) = take short / by surprise / at unawares заставать врасплохThe doctor was not easily taken off his guard. — Доктора трудно было поймать врасплох.
б) разг. обмануть, наколоть; вымогать ( деньги)It wasn't enough for Julie just to admit she'd been taken. — Для Джулии было недостаточно просто признать, что её облапошили.
Syn:31)а) выбирать, избиратьTake me a man, at a venture, from the crowd. — Выбери мне наугад какого-нибудь человека из толпы.
Syn:б) выбрать (дорогу, путь), отправиться (по какой-л. дороге)to take (a place or person) in (on) one's way — заходить, заезжать (в какое-л. место или к кому-л.) по пути
He did not take Rome in his way. — Он не включил Рим в свой маршрут.
32)а) = take up занимать, отнимать, требовать (времени, активности, энергии)It will take two hours to translate this article. — Перевод этой статьи займёт два часа.
Any ignoramus can construct a straight line, but it takes an engineer to make a curve. — Любой профан может построить прямую линию, но чтобы построить кривую, требуется инженер.
б) носить, иметь размер (перчаток, обуви)33) начинать, начинать снова; возобновлятьEveline remained silent. The abbess took the word. — Эвелин продолжала молчать. Аббатиса снова заговорила.
34) лингв. требовать ( определённой грамматической формы)All Declensions take the Ending m for Masc. and Fem. Nouns. — Все склонения требуют окончания m у существительных мужского и женского рода.
35) с последующим существительным выражает общее значение: делать, осуществлять; сочетание часто является перифразой соответствующего существительному глагола и выражает единичный акт или кратковременное действиеto take a leap — сделать прыжок, прыгнуть
to take one's departure — уйти, уехать
to take adieu, farewell — прощаться
My wife and my daughter were taking a walk together. — Мои жена и дочь предприняли совместную прогулку.
- take five- take ten
- take a fall36) доставлять; сопровождать; провожать; вести; брать с собойto take smb. home — провожать кого-л. домой
to take smb. out for a walk — повести кого-л. погулять
to take along a picnic basket / a laptop / a copy of the contract / a few books / one's financial statement — брать с собой корзину для пикника / ноутбук / копию контракта / несколько книг / свой финансовый отчёт
to buy wine to take along — покупать вино, чтобы взять его с собой
The second stage of the journey takes the traveller through Egypt. — На втором этапе путешествия путников провезут через Египет.
I want to take her all over the house. — Я хочу показать ей дом.
I'll take him around. — Я ему тут всё покажу.
the business that took me to London — дело, которое привело меня в Лондон
37)а) забирать, уносить; извлекать, удалять; избавлять (от чего-л.)The flood took many lives. — Наводнение унесло жизни многих людей.
to take the life of (smb.) — лишить (кого-л.) жизни, убить
to take one's (own) life — лишить себя жизни, совершить самоубийство
Syn:б) умеретьIt was God's will that he should be taken. (E. O'Neill) — Господу было угодно, чтобы он умер.
в) = take off отнимать, вычитатьSyn:г) ( take from) уменьшать, сокращатьIt takes greatly from the pleasure. — Это сильно уменьшает удовольствие.
Syn:38) привыкать (к чему-л.)39)а) идти, двигаться (куда-л., в каком-л. направлении)I took across some fields for the nearest way. — Я двинулся по полям, чтобы добраться до ближайшей дороги.
A gang of wolves took after her. — За ней бежала стая волков.
He will take himself to bed. — Он направился в постель.
б) уст. идти, бежать (о дороге, реке)The river takes straight to northward again. — Река снова течёт прямо на север.
40) ( take after)а) походить на (кого-л.)The boy takes after his father. — Мальчик похож на своего отца.
б) подражатьв) погнаться за (кем-л.), преследовать (кого-л.)The policeman dropped his load and took after the criminal, but failed to catch him. — Полицейский бросил свою ношу и побежал за преступником, но не сумел поймать его.
41) ( take before) отправить (предложение, вопрос) на (рассмотрение кого-л.)The director intends to take your suggestion before the rest of the Board at their next meeting. — Директор собирается представить ваше предложение на следующем собрании правления.
42) ( take for)а) принимать за (кого-л.)I took him for an Englishman. — Я принял его за англичанина.
I am not the person you take me for. — Я не тот, за кого вы меня принимаете.
б) купить за ( какую-то цену)I shall take it for $5. — Я куплю это за 5$.
в) разг. грабить (кого-л.), обманывать (на какую-л. сумму)43) ( take from)а) верить; считать истиннымб) принимать (вид, форму)в) наследовать (имя, название)The city of Washington takes its name from George Washington. — Город Вашингтон назван в честь Джорджа Вашингтона.
г) отбирать, забиратьI'll take it from him. — Я отберу это у него.
44) ( take into)а) принять; взять на работуto take smth. into account — принять что-л. во внимание
45) ( take to)а) пристраститься, увлечься (чем-л.); почувствовать симпатию к (кому-л.), полюбить (кого-л.)I took to him at once. — Он мне сразу понравился.
б) привыкать, приспосабливаться к (чему-л.)в) обращаться, прибегать к (чему-л.)They had to take to the boats. — Им пришлось воспользоваться лодками.
г) начинать заниматься (чем-л.)•- take aback- take aboard
- take abroad
- take action about
- take aim
- take alarm
- take amiss
- take apart
- take as read
- take ashore
- take at word
- take away
- take back
- take the bearing of
- take the bearing
- take a breath
- take charge of
- take down
- take down shorthand
- take the edge
- take hard
- take hold
- take a holiday
- take home
- take in
- take it easy
- take kindly
- take leave of smb.
- take liberties with
- take notice
- take off
- take off a bandage
- take offence
- take on
- take out
- take over
- take a picture
- take a photograph
- take pity on smb.
- take place
- take possession
- take revenge
- take root
- take the sea
- take shelter
- take a shot at
- take sick
- take sides with
- take steps
- take through
- take to a place
- take to one's heels
- take to earth
- take umbrage about
- take unawares
- take up
- take up quarters
- take upon oneself
- take vote••to have (got) what it takes — обладать всем необходимым, иметь всё, что нужно
take it or leave it — как хотите, на ваше усмотрение
to take a joke — понимать шутку, принимать шутку
to take the wall — не уступить дороги (кому-л.)
to (be able to) take it — выносить, терпеть
to take it (or life) on the chin — мужественно встречать неудачи, несчастья, не падать духом; выдержать жестокий удар
to take on board — выпить; проглатывать; схватывать ( идею)
to take it into one's head — вбить, забрать себе в голову
to take to the woods — амер. уклоняться от своих обязанностей ( особенно от голосования)
to take too much — подвыпить, хлебнуть лишнего
2. сущ.to take the biscuit — разг. взять первый приз
1)а) взятие, захватSyn:2)а) мнение, точка зрения (по какому-л. вопросу)She was asked for her take on recent scientific results. — Её спросили о том, что она думает о последних научных достижениях.
б) трактовка, интерпретация (чего-л.)3)а) разг. барыши, выручкаThey will seek to increase their take by selling vegetables from their own garden. — Они попытаются увеличить выручку, продавая овощи из своего сада.
б) кассовый сбор (фильма, спектакля)•Syn:4)а) кино кинокадр; дубльб) фонограмма, звукозаписьSyn:5) обаяние, очарованиеHer face had some kind of harmony and take in it. — В её лице были гармония и обаяние.
Syn:charm 1.6) видимая, физическая реакция (кого-л. на какое-л. действие)7) мед. реакция (на прививку, укол и т. п.)8) бот. приживание ( привоя на растении)9) полигр. урок наборщика•• -
8 hide one's light under a bushel
зарывать свой талант в землю; скрывать свой ум, свои таланты, быть излишне скромным [этим. библ. Matthews V, 15]Personality, of course, you must have, though without real eccentricity; but it must not be personality which hid its light under a bushel. (J. Galsworthy, ‘Maid in Waiting’, ch. VII) — К этому, конечно, требовалась и некоторая оригинальность, без излишних, однако, чудачеств, и оригинальность эта должна быть выражена весьма ярко.
...he liked also being seen and being congratulated on growing up such a fine-looking and fortunate young fellow, for he was not the youth to hide his light under a bushel. (S. Butler, ‘The Way of All Flesh’, ch. II) —...ему нравилось также, когда односельчане подходили к нему и поздравляли с тем, что он стал таким красивым и преуспевающим. Ибо он не принадлежал к тем молодым людям, которые страдают излишней скромностью.
Men who can thus turn culture into cash are seldom permitted to hide their light under a bushel in capitalist society. (U. Sinclair, ‘The Goose-Step’, ch. LX) — В капиталистическом обществе людям, которые так ловко умеют превращать культуру в наличные, редко позволяют зарывать свой талант в землю.
Large English-Russian phrasebook > hide one's light under a bushel
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9 in hand
1) в руках, под контролем; в подчинении; в работе (часто well in hand; обыкн. употр. с гл. to get, to have, to hold и to keep) [первонач. тк. о лошади]; см. тж. have in hand 1) и out of hand 1. 2)Twisden: "The police have the theft in hand. They may issue a warrant." (J. Galsworthy, ‘Loyalties’, act III, sc. II) — Туисден: "Этой кражей занимается полиция. Возможно, скоро выдадут ордер на арест вора."
I enquired about the bomb damage to Drury Lane being repaired in time, was assured that everything was in hand and went ahead with my revisions and plans for casting. (N. Coward, ‘Play Parade’, ‘Introduction’) — я осведомился, смогут ли вовремя отремонтировать здание театра "Друри-Лейн", поврежденного бомбежкой. Меня заверили, что все идет нормально, так что я продолжал работать над пьесой и обдумывал распределение ролей.
Meantime, the planters were getting matters in hand. (W. Du Bois, ‘Mansart Builds a School’, ch. XV) — Пока же плантаторы стали наводить в округе порядок.
‘Are you bringing any complaint against the police?’ ‘I'll bring my complaint against the police in good time when my solicitor has the matter in hand.’ (D. Cusack, ‘Black Lightning’, part III) — - У вас имеются какие-либо жалобы на действия полиции? - я буду жаловаться, когда придет время, после того, как мой адвокат ознакомится с делом.
2) в распоряжении; в наличности, наличнымиI've still got some time in hand. (I. Murdoch, ‘The Sandcastle’, ch. 2) — В моем распоряжении еще есть время.
The firm has still two years work in hand. — У фирмы хватит заказов еще на два года.
He had enough cash in hand to pay the bill. — У него было достаточно наличных денег, чтобы заплатить по счету.
3) в стадии обсуждения, рассмотренияJos Sedley is in love with Rebecca. Will he marry her? This is the great subiect now in hand. (W. Thackeray, ‘Vanity Fair’, ch. VI) — Джоз Седли влюблен в Ребекку. Женится ли он на ней? Вот тема, занимающая сейчас всех.
He congratulated his honourable friend on his able and well-delivered effort, he only regretted that it had nothing to do with the business in hand. (J. Galsworthy, ‘The Silver Spoon’, part I, ch. V) — Он поздравил уважаемого коллегу с блестящей речью, но высказал сожаление, что она не имеет никакого отношения к разбираемому вопросу.
‘Objection sustained,’ called Oberwaltzer sharply... ‘The prosecution will confine itself more closely to the case in hand’. (Th. Dreiser, ‘An American Tragedy’, book III, ch. XXV) — - Возражение принимается, - резко сказал Оберуолцер... - попрошу обвинителя держаться ближе к делу.
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congratulate — [[t]kəngræ̱tʃʊleɪt[/t]] congratulates, congratulating, congratulated 1) VERB If you congratulate someone, you say something to show you are pleased that something nice has happened to them. [V n on/for n/ ing] She congratulated him on the birth… … English dictionary
say — 1 /seI/ verb past tense and past participle said /sed/ 3rd person singular says USE WORDS 1 WORD/SOUND (T) to pronounce a word or sound: “What did you say?” | “I m so tired” she said. | say hello/goodbye etc: She left without even saying goodbye … Longman dictionary of contemporary English
congratulate */ — UK [kənˈɡrætʃʊleɪt] / US [kənˈɡrætʃəˌleɪt] verb [transitive] Word forms congratulate : present tense I/you/we/they congratulate he/she/it congratulates present participle congratulating past tense congratulated past participle congratulated to… … English dictionary
Linda Ronstadt — Infobox musical artist Name = Linda Ronstadt Img capt = Img size = Landscape = Background = solo singer Born = birth date and age|1946|7|15 Origin = Tucson, Arizona, USA Instrument = Vocals Guitar percussion Instrument = Vocals, Guitar,… … Wikipedia